MKK: MKK1. MKK/1-30 MKK/1-25. MKK/Düz Metin linkli
MC/1 . MC/2 . MC/3 . MC/4 . MC/5 . MC/6 . MC/7 . MC/8 . MC/9 . MC/10 . MC/11 . MC/12 . MC/13 . MC/14 . MC/15 . MC/16 . MC/17 . MC/18 . MC/19 . MC/20 . MC/21 . MC/22 . MC/23 . MC/24 . MC/25 |
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| MC/1 | “#İlm-i fıkh, mesâil-i şer’iyye-i ameliyeyi bilmektir ”. علم الفقه معرفة المسائل الشرعية العملية . #The science of jurisprudence consists of a knowledge of the precepts of the Divine Legislator in their relation to human affairs . #علم فقه مسائل شرعيهء عملية يي بيلمكدر . Hukuk ilmi, mesail-i meşruiyye-i ameliyeyi bilmektir. ESK
İlm-i Fıkh: Fıkıh ilmi .Mesail: Meseleler Mesâil-i şer’iyye-i ameliye: Amellerle ilgili hukuki meseleler . Mecelle/Madde 1 . |
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| MC/2 | “#Bir işten maksat ne ise hüküm ona göredir.”2. A matter is determined according to intention; that is to say, the effect to be given to any particular transaction must conform to the object of such transaction.
170, 769, 1240.; TMK. 1, 2, 3, 84, 114, 125.; TBK. 18, 20, , 41, 43, 48, 82, 83.; ZGB. 2., 3.; BGB. 157, 242, 932.; TCK. 45 |
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| MC/3 | “#Ukudda itibar mekasıd ve meaniyedir; elfaz ve mebaniye değildir.3.”In contracts effect is given to intention and meaning and not to words and phrases. Madde 3 - Ukûdda itibar makâsıt ve maâniyedir, elfâz ve mebâniye değildir.
MC. MC/262, MC/389, MC/648.; TMK. ı, 2, 3.; TBK ı, 18,25, 26, 154, 165, 178, 505.; MH. 314,
Ukud: Akitler . Mekasıd: Maksatlar . Meani: Manalar .Elfaz: Lafızlar, kelimeler .Mebani: Beyanlar, açıklamalar |
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| MC/4 | #Şek ile yakin zail olmaz . el-yakînu lâ yezûlü bi'ş-şekk) .● 4. Certainty is not dispelled by doubt . Şek: Doubtdispelled:zail olmak . İstishab . Yakin :Certainty - Şek ile yakin zâil olmaz. MC. MC/5, MC/6, MC/7, MC/8, MC/9, MC/10, MC/11, MC/12. |
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| MC/5 | "#Bir şeyin bulunduğu hal üzere kalması asıldır.”● 5. It is a fundamental principle that a thing shall remain as it was originally.
MC. MC/6, MC/10, MC/1685, MC/1776, MC/1777.; TMK 15 |
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| MC/6 | #Kadim, kıdemi üzerine terk olunur.● 6. Things which have been in existence from time immemorial shall be left as they were. Madde 6 - Kâdim kıdemi üzere zikrolunur.MC. MC/9, MC/612. |
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| MC/7 | # Zarar kadim olmaz.● 7.Injury cannot exist from time immemorial .immemorial .Madde 7- Zarar kadim olmaz. MC. MC/6 , MC/166, MC/1166, MC/1224; MH. 48.; TBK. 125 - 140 |
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| MC/8 | #Beraet-i zimmet asıldır.● 8. Freedom from liability is a fundamental principle.
MC. MC/166, MC/1224, MC/1197.; MH. 48; TBK. 125 - 140. Madde 8 - Berâ'et-i zimmet asıldır. |
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| MC/9 | #Sıfat-ı arızada asl olan ademdir.● 9. Non-existence is a fundamental principle which applies to all rights which may subsequently accrue. accrue
Madde 9 — Sıfât-ı ârizada asl olan ademdir. MC/8, MC/332 |
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| MC/10 | #Bir zamanda sabit olan şeyin -hilafına delil olmadıkça- bekasıyla hükmolunur.● 10. Judgement shall be given in respect to any matter which has been proved at any particular time, unless the contrary is proved.Madde 10 — Bir zamanda sabit olan şey'in hilâfina delil olmadıkça bekâsıyla hükmolunur.
MC MC/5, MC/1621, MC/1592 |
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| MC/11 | ● 11. It is a fundamental principle that any new occurrence shall be regarded as happening at the time nearest to the present.*Madde 11 - Bir emr-i hâdisin akreb-i evkâtına izâfeti asıldır.Yani hâdis olan bir işin sebep ve zaman-ı vukûunda ihtilâf olunsa zaman-1 ba'îde nisbeti ispat olunmadıkça hâle akreb olan zamana nisbet olunur.MC MC/10, MC/5, MC/8; HUMK 299. |
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| MC/12 | ● 12. It is a fundamental principle that words shall be construed literally. Madde 12 - Kelâmda asl olan manây-ı hakîkîdir. MC. MC/13, MC/60, MC/61.; TMK ı, 2; TBK 18 |
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| MC/13 | Madde 13 - Tasrih mukâbelesinde delâlete i'tibar yokdur. MC. MC/12, MC/772; TBK. ı. 2:, HUMK. 234,
● 13. No attention shall be paid to inferences in the face of obvious facts. |
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| MC/14 | Madde 14 - Mevrid-i nassda ictihâda mesâğ yoktur. MC/15, MC/16, MC/167.; TMK. ı, 2; TBK 18
● 14. Where the text is clear, there is no room for interpretation. |
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| MC/15 | #Madde 15 - Alâ hilâfi'l-kıyâs sâbit olan şey sâire makîsün-aleyh olamaz.MC. MC/14, MC/16. MC/1659.
● 15. A matter which has been proved contrary to legal analogy cannot be cited by way of analogy in respect to any other matter. |
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| MC/16 | # Madde 16 - İctihâd ile ictihâd nakz olmaz.MC. MC/14, MC/15.; TMK. 1; TCK. 44
● 16. One legal interpretation does not destroy another. |
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| MC/17 | Madde 17 - Meşakkat tesyîri celbeder. Yani su'ûbet sebeb-i tesyîr olur ve darlık vaktinde vüs'at gösterilmek lazım gelir. Karz ve havâle ve hacir gibi pekçok ahkâm-ı fikhiyye bu asla müteferri'dir ve fukahânın ahkâm-ı şer'iyyede gösterdikleri ruhas ve tahfifat hep bu kâideden istihrâc olunmuştur. MC. MC/18, MC/19, MC/20, MC/205, MC/223, MC/396, MC/799.; TMK. 2
● 17. Difficulty begets facility; that is to say, difficulty is the cause of facility and in time of hardship consideration must be shown. Very many subjects of Islamic jurisprudence, such as loans, transfer of debts and interdiction are derived from this principle, and the latitude and indulgence shown by Islamic jurists in their rulings are all based upon this rule. |
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| MC/18 | Madde 18 - Bir iş zîk oldukda müttesi olur. Yani bir işde meşakkat görülünce ruhsat ve vüs'at gösterilir. MC. MC/17.
● 18. Latitude should be afforded in the case of difficulty, that is to say, upon the appearance of hardship in any particular matter, latitude and indulgence must be shown. |
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| MC/19 | # Madde 19 - Zarar ve mukâbele bi'z-zarâr yokdur.MC. MC/20, MC/25, MC/26, MC/27, 28, MC/29.; TMK. 41, 61, vd;
● 19. Injury may not be met by injury. |
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| MC/20 | #Madde 20 - Zarar izâle olunur.MC. MC/19, MC/21, MC/22, MC/25, MC/26, MC/27, MC/28, MC/29, MC/30, MC/32, MC/998, MC/1201.; TBK 41 vd. ● 20. Injury is removed |
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| MC/21 | # Madde 21 - Zarûretler memnû' olan şeyleri mübah kilâr. MC. MC/22, MC/96, MC/97, MC/1007.; TBK. 52; TCK 49-50, 516/4.
● 21. Necessity renders prohibited things permissible |
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| MC/22 | # Madde 22 - Zarûretler kendi mikdarlarınca takdir olunur ● 22. Necessity is estimated by the extent thereof..MC.MC/21, MC/23.; TBK. 52; TCK. 49-50, 516/4 |
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| MC/23 | # Madde 23 - Bir özür için câiz olan şey ol özrün zevâliyle bâtıl olur. MC. MC/22, MC/517.● 23. A thing which is permissible by reason of the existence of some excuse thereof, ceases to be permissible with the disappearance of that excuse. |
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| MC/24 | # Madde 24 - Mâni' zâil oldukda memnû' avdet eder.MC. MC/19, MC/335, MC/345, MC/347, MC/372, MC/869, MC/870, MC/1647, MC/1653, MC/1654. ● 24. When a prohibition is removed, the thing to which such prohibition attaches reverts to its former status of legality. |
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| MC/25 | # Madde 25 - Bir zarar kendi misliyle izâle olunamaz.MC. MC/26, MC/27, MC/28, MC/29, MC/31, MC/965, MC/1141, MC/1288, MC/1312.; TCK 49-50, 516/4; TBK 52
● 25. An injury cannot be removed by the commission of a similar injury. |
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